How Grayanotoxin Levels Are Measured in Mad Honey: What a 2022 LC-MS/MS Study Found About Batch Variation

Mad honey is often discussed as if it were one chemically stable product. This paper shows why that is misleading. In 2022, researchers developed and validated a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to quantify grayanotoxin I (GTX I) and grayanotoxin III (GTX III) in honey, then applied that method to 60 mad honey samples […]