CliffMadHoneyIndex

Grayanotoxin Dose Calculator

Estimate the grayanotoxin (GTX I + III) dose in a serving of mad honey, see which risk band the honey falls in, and compare the dose to the EFSA reference point.

Educational use only. This tool is not medical or safety advice and does not tell you whether any honey is safe to eat. Seek medical care right away for a slow heartbeat, fainting, or an inability to stand after eating mad honey.
Calculator

Total GTX (I + III) per kilogram of honey. A lab test is the only way to know this.

A teaspoon is about 7 g; a tablespoon is about 21 g.

Used only to express the dose as a percentage of the EFSA reference point.

Total GTX in this serving

0.30 mg

300 µg

Risk band

Moderate

10 to 30 mg/kg

Dose vs EFSA reference point

28%

of the reference point for a 70 kg person

Trace: under 1 mg/kg Low: 1 to 10 mg/kg Moderate: 10 to 30 mg/kg High: over 30 mg/kg
No level shown here is a safe level. The EFSA reference point (a BMDL10 of 15.3 micrograms per kilogram of body weight for GTX I + III) is used to assess risk, not as a safe dose. EFSA concluded that concentrations in commercially available mad honey raise health concerns and identified no intake that is safe for everyone.
Reference

Risk band reference

Bands are defined by total GTX (I + III) per kilogram of honey. These are documented literature ranges, not safe-versus-unsafe categories.
BandTotal GTX (I + III)What it means
Traceunder 1 mg/kgBarely detectable. Not established as safe.
Low1 to 10 mg/kgDetectable, at the low end of concentrations reported in real mad honey.
Moderate10 to 30 mg/kgMid-range of concentrations reported in real mad honey.
Highover 30 mg/kgUpper range of reported values. Overlaps concentrations linked to acute intoxication in clinical reports.
Methodology

How the math works

Total GTX in a serving (mg) = concentration (mg/kg) / 1000 x serving (g)

EFSA reference point for a person (mg) = 0.0153 x body weight (kg)

Dose as % of reference point = total GTX in serving / EFSA reference point x 100

The reference point comes from the European Food Safety Authority (2023), which derived a BMDL10 of 15.3 micrograms per kilogram of body weight for the sum of GTX I and III. A reference point is a benchmark for assessing risk, not a threshold below which a dose is safe.

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Citation

Cite this

Cliff Mad Honey Index, “Grayanotoxin Dose Calculator,” cliffmadhoneyindex.org.
References

Sources

  1. EFSA CONTAM Panel (2023). Risks for human health related to the presence of grayanotoxins in certain honey. EFSA Journal 2023;21(3):e07866. Reference point (BMDL10) of 15.3 micrograms per kilogram of body weight for the sum of GTX I and III. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7866
  2. Ahn SY, Kim S, Cho H (2022). Determination of grayanotoxin I and grayanotoxin III in mad honey from Nepal using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Science and Technology 35(2), 82 to 91. GTX I measured at 0.75 to 64.86 mg/kg and GTX III at 0.25 to 63.99 mg/kg, with 33 of 60 samples positive.